Differences Between Formal and Informal Communication
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Formal vs Informal Communication
Here is the list of 10 key differences between formal and informal communication based on some important parameters.
| Basis | Formal Communication | Informal Communication |
|---|---|---|
| Information Control | Follows a proper chain of control | Moves freely in all directions |
| Reliability | More reliable, backed by evidence | Less reliable, and leaves no trail |
| Time | Takes time to be communicated | Takes very less time to flow through different channels |
| Scope | Has a predefined agenda on the topics | Has no boundary or agenda |
| Secrecy | Dependent on official policies and procedures | No guaranteed secrecy due to the involvement of various individuals |
| Records | There is appropriate documentation involved | No documentation is involved |
| Hierarchy | Usually has a long chain of command | Has a very short chain of command |
| Agenda | Has a motive for organizational objectives | Has no motive other than personal engagement |
| Language | Uses a fixed, formal, and respectful language, prohibits the use of slang | Can use any language with no prohibition for slang |
| Examples | Meetings, speeches, one-on-ones, conferences | Gossip, singular talks, text messages |
What is Formal Communication?
Formal communication is the form of communication in which information is conveyed through a proper structure and defined channels. It usually involves transferring official information through a specified hierarchy, in a chain-like structure.
Typically, in an organization, the structure starts with leaders and senior staff in different departments and then flows down to lower-level employees. These employees are expected to use formal communication channels when carrying out their responsibilities.
What is Informal Communication?
Informal Communication is multi-faceted; it does not follow any structure or proclaimed norms. It is a candid form of communication moving freely within an organization. The topic of interest in informal communication is not predetermined and individuals engaging in it usually involve in a diverse range of topics.
Informal communication, known as the ‘grapevine’ in organizations, is faster and doesn’t leave a written record. It allows employees to openly discuss work-related issues, saving time and money for the company. Examples include team chats and discussions about salary issues.
